Sunday, December 27, 2009

Gambir in first in Innings


Gambhir exhausted off short-list antagonism from Mitchell Johnson of Australia, Sri Lanka’s Thilan Samaraweera and England captain Andrew Strauss to affirmation the aboriginal ICC accolade of his career.

During the 12-month voting period, Gambhir put in some arresting performances with the bat, authoritative 1,269 runs with an absorbing boilerplate of 84.60 in the eight Test matches he played. He denticulate bristles centuries and four half-centuries during the period.

Upon accession the accolade from ICC Cricket Hall of Famer Sunil Gavaskar, the 27-year-old Gambhir said: “It’s been a dream run for me. I never anticipation it could be like this but activity has afflicted for me and I am actual happy.

“As a assemblage we accept played actual able-bodied and I am aloof animated to accord to the all-embracing success of the team.”

The Test Player of the Year Accolade was one of eight alone prizes accustomed at this year’s LG ICC Awards. Gambhir additionally featured on the ICC Test Aggregation of the Year as best by the ICC alternative panel.

The console was chaired by West Indies fable Clive Lloyd and included above India captain Anil Kumble, above England wicketkeeper Bob Taylor, above Pakistan opener Mudassar Nazar and above New Zealand captain Stephen Fleming.

Based on the aeon amid 13 August 2008 and 24 August 2009, the LG ICC Awards 2009 – presented in affiliation with FICA – booty into annual performances by players and admiral in a arresting aeon for the game.

That aeon includes such high-profile contest as the ICC World Twenty20 2009 in England, the ICC Women’s World Cup 2009 in Australia and the ICC Cricket World Cup Qualifier 2009 in South Africa, as able-bodied as several mutual Test and ODI series.

The LG ICC Awards commemoration is now in its sixth year and this year it is actuality captivated in Johannesburg to accompany with the ICC Champions Trophy 2009. Previous ceremonies were captivated in London (2004), Sydney (2005), Mumbai (2006), Johannesburg (2007) and Dubai (2008).

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Final one day cancelled


What a abashment on Indian candid Board and DDCA, the final ODI amid India and Sri Lanka is alleged off afterwards 23.3 overs of play. The angle behaved actual abnormally appropriate from the start. There are alone two occasions area Sri Lankan batsmen were hit on their anatomy parts. On a Kotla angle area the animation assorted from shin to accept in as abbreviate a spell as three deliveries.

In the 24th over, aback one brawl of debutant Sudeep Tyagi took off and about got anesthetized over M.S.Dhoni head. And at that date Sri Lankan players absitively that abundant is abundant and they don’t appetite to booty any accident with some important alternation advancing up.

The angle at Kotla was additionally criticized in Champions League 2020 area alike scoring 120 runs in 20 overs looks absurd on this wicket, about babysitter has able a beginning angle for the ODI but it behaved added abnormally than aboriginal stripes.

Full of action, the 23.3 overs featured a wicket aboriginal ball; a alone bolt aboriginal brawl of the additional over; assault on the elbow, shoulder, fingers; agitated running; blubbery edges aerial accomplished third man; and wickets for Zaheer Khan, Tyagi and Harbhajan Singh. Dhoni, advancing aback from a two-match ban, was amazing abaft the stumps, accepting his legs calm for the shooters and reacting able-bodied to the lifters. Not one bye was conceded.

After acceptable the bung M.S.Dhoni put Sri Lanka into bat, Zaheer Khan accord India a absolute alpha removing aftermost bout centurion Upal Tharanga for aboriginal brawl duck. Then afterwards few overs he removed alarming Dilshan.

Match was attractive able-bodied in the bag for the Indians with visitors on 83/5 in the 24th over but with so abundant asperous animation on the wickets, both aggregation captains absitively it is alarming to booty any adventitious on arena the bold on such unfit pitch. But admitting of such alarming angle all the wickets fell during Sri Lankan innings was of a actual acceptable brawl or with the advice of some superb fielding from Suresh Raina.

All the players went off the acreage about 11:40 AM, but it took 1 hour 10 of agitation afore they clearly alone the game.

So a actual sad end to such admirable ODI alternation amid India and Sri Lanka. Let’s achievement that BCCI and DDCA will apprentice from this and will booty some adamantine accommodation in convalescent the angle as able-bodied as candid ability about the India.

Tuesday, December 1, 2009

Worlds AIDS Day



World AIDS Day was aboriginal conceived in August 1987 by James W. Bunn and Thomas Netter, two accessible advice admiral for the Global Programme on AIDS at the Apple Health Organization in Geneva, Switzerland.Started on 1st December 1988, Apple AIDS Day is about adopting money, accretion awareness, angry ageism and convalescent education. The Apple AIDS Day affair for 2009 is 'Universal Access and Human Rights'. Apple AIDS Day is important in reminding bodies that HIV has not gone away, and that there are abounding things still to be done.

According to UNAIDS estimates, there are now 33.4 actor bodies active with HIV, including 2.1 actor children. During 2008 some 2.7 actor bodies became anew adulterated with the virus and an estimated 2 actor bodies died from AIDS.1 About bisected of all bodies who become adulterated with HIV do so afore they are 25 and are dead by AIDS afore they are 35.2

The all-inclusive majority of bodies with HIV and AIDS alive in lower- and middle-income countries. But HIV today is a blackmail to men, women and accouchement on all continents about the world.

World AIDS Day was aboriginal conceived in August 1987 by James W. Bunn and Thomas Netter, two accessible advice admiral for the Global Programme on AIDS at the Apple Health Organization in Geneva, Switzerland.World AIDS Day banner, European Commission building, BrusselsA ample red award hangs amid columns in the arctic balustrade of the White House for Apple AIDS Day, November 30, 2007.A 67 m continued "condom" on the Obelisk of Buenos Aires, Argentina, allotment of an acquaintance attack for the 2005 Apple AIDS Day

World AIDS Day Themes 1988 - present[16]

1988 Communication

1989 Youth

1990 Women and AIDS

1991 Sharing the Challenge

1992 Community Commitment

1993 Act

1994 AIDS and the Family

1995 Shared Rights, Shared Responsibilities

1996 One World. One Hope

1997 Children Active in a Apple with AIDS

1998 Force for Change: Apple AIDS Attack With Young People

1999 Listen, Learn, Live: Apple AIDS Attack with Accouchement & Young People

2000 AIDS: Men Make a Difference

2001 I care. Do you?

2002 Stigma and Discrimination

2003 Stigma and Discrimination

2004 Women, Girls, HIV and AIDS

2005 Stop AIDS. Keep the Promise

2006 Stop AIDS. Keep the Promise - Accountability

2007 Stop AIDS. Keep the Promise - Leadership

2008 Stop AIDS. Keep the Promise - Lead - Empower - Deliver

2009 Universal Access and Human Rights.

So let make awareness to the world and make the world as heaven.

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Blood Donation Example

What a weekend! I've anticipation about whether to accord you a run bottomward of the weekend in a Not Me architecture or aloof lay it all out there for ya. . . . And I'm opting for the latter. So adhere on tight; actuality we go!

Our abbey captivated Macon Impact this weekend; this is a semi-annual accident breadth our abbey participates in assorted beat opportunities throughout the community. There was a claret drive and claret bottom donor sign-up drive on Friday at the church, and Tim and I active up to accord blood. I will accept I was a bit afraid as I accustomed to donate; I've alone accustomed already before, and that was 13 years ago, and it didn't go actual well.

This time? I gave claret like a champ! It was awesome! And I was so proud! Heck, giving claret went so well, I affective a cartilage bottom donation appliance on my way out the door. My affairs were to complete that bad boy and activate altruistic annihilation I could every time I could.

We larboard the abbey and headed to accommodated some accompany for dinner. I had looked advanced to banquet with our accompany for a cardinal of reasons. You apperceive how there's consistently that brace you appetite to adhere out with more, but you aloof can't anytime get assume to get together? And you apperceive how you accept a Friday that's abounding of accent - both acceptable and bad, absolutely - and you aloof ahead the time you can sip on a acrid margarita while relaxing? Yeah, that was Friday for me.

So, as we absolved into the restaurant Tim tells me his Red Cross assistant told him to bifold up on his aqueous assimilation and to abstain alcohol. My assistant didn't say that. And you know, I am a aphorism addict from the get-go. But, I reasoned, if my assistant didn't acquaint me to abstain alcohol, afresh I wasn't absolutely breaking any rules by accepting a baby margarita.

So I indulged.

We ate dinner, we chatted, I sipped on my margarita. Life? It was good!

And then, afore I knew it, I was activity kinda funny. Lightheaded and spaced out. I told Tim I bare to get outside. We were aloof central of the restaurant's patio area, and I thought, "I can accomplish it to that armchair out there and sit bottomward and I'll be fine."

I never fabricated it to that chair. I deathwatch up to two men in my face, strangers blockage my pulse, and I can't see my bedmate or my friends. Come to acquisition out, I'd anesthetized out. I was on the attic propped up with my arch in Tim's lap.

911 was called. Paramedics arrived, and wisked me off to the hospital. By the time I was in the ambulance and they started an IV, I began to feel abundant better. Almost accustomed again. And I was so embarrassed! Tim and I spent the butt of the night in the EC while I was accepting tests run and accepting fluids. We were appear about 1am.


Monday, November 30, 2009

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Thursday, November 26, 2009

Sreesanth Great Come Back


S Sreesanth apparent his acknowledgment to all-embracing candid with a adverse affectation of bond bowling to put India on the threshhold of a arresting achievement in the additional Test adjoin a hapless Sri Lanka actuality on Thursday.

Sreesanth, staging a improvement afterwards actuality in the wilderness for abutting to 18 months, snatched 5 for 75 in Sri Lanka's aboriginal innings and afresh drew aboriginal claret in the additional innings leave the islanders in complete disarray.

Born-again pacer S Sreesanth, claiming to be one of the best blurred cricketers in the world, feared he may not comedy for India afresh afterwards a alternation of controversies bedeviled his career.

Star aerialist of day three of the additional India-Sri Lanka Test, Sreesanth aggregate his fears of not arena for India afresh because of his consecutive antidotal indiscretions.

"To be honest, I never anticipation I will comedy for the country again. But God has been actual affectionate and I got the befalling at the appropriate time," said Sreesanth, afterwards his career-reviving five-wicket booty in the Sri Lankan aboriginal innings that put India on the beginning of a victory.

Sreesanth acquainted it was a array of re-birth at the Green Park area he played his aftermost Test adjoin South Africa aftermost year.

"I played my aftermost Test actuality and it's nice to alpha actuality again. It's like a cycle, you go aback from actuality and appear aback actuality again," he said.

Since the 2008 Slapgate adventure -- he was slapped by Harbhajan Singh during an IPL bout in Mohali -- Sreesanth had gradually slipped into the wilderness with injuries and controversies abutting easily to about ruin his career.

Sreesanth was additionally warned by the BCCI to mend his ways, declining which he could be banned from calm cricket. Sreesanth claimed he had been misunderstood.

"I anticipate I accept been blurred a lot of times, not aloof already or twice. I said in Ahmedabad additionally that I charge be one of the best blurred cricketers in the world. "But I don't anticipate I would change. I will do things which are appropriate and not things which bodies say are right," he added.

Asked if he went into the bout absent to blackout his critics, Sreesanth said, "I was not proving a point. I was adequate added and was arena to my expectations. I accept become astute now and set goals which I can achieve.

"Yes, I was atrocious to get the fresh brawl in hand. It's consistently a appreciative moment to comedy for the country and it was abundant to accessible the bowling with Zaheer bhai," he said.

Looking back, he acquainted his Warwickshire stint, area he formed with bowling abundant Allan Donald stood him in acceptable account alike admitting Donald was analytical of his approach.

"I anticipate it was a acceptable accommodation and I acknowledge BCCI for giving me the permission to comedy canton cricket. It was not accessible bowling there in June-July.

"Donald Sir helped me a lot. I apperceive he said assertive things about me but he helped me get my focus on off-field things, assignment on my assignment ethics, my attitude, training agenda and my able approach. I accept fabricated a lot of cede over the aftermost seven months," Sreesanth said.

On his bowling, Sreesanth said he capital to accomplish the batsmen comedy as abundant as possible.

"It was a apathetic clue and I had to assignment hard. Hitting the stumps was added important. I told myself that I ability go for runs but I will accomplish them comedy every ball," he said.

Of his bristles scalps in the aboriginal innings, Sreesanth said the aftermost one was appropriate for he had gone abrupt for a five-for.

"It has to be (Rangana) Herath's. It was testing my patience. I was accepting affronted at not accepting the fifth wicket. In calm candid also, I get abrupt for that fifth wicket. But I told myself if I can exhausted him once, I can exhausted him 10 times also," he said.

Monday, November 23, 2009

Mandela Life History

Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela (Xhosa pronunciation: built-in 18 July 1918 in Transkei, South Africa) is a above Admiral of South Africa, the aboriginal to be adopted in a absolutely adumbrative autonomous election, who captivated appointment from 1994–99. Afore his presidency, Mandela was an anti-apartheid activist, and the baton of the African Borough Congress's armed addition Umkhonto we Sizwe. The South African courts bedevilled him on accuse of sabotage, as able-bodied as added crimes committed while he led the movement adjoin apartheid. In accordance with his conviction, Mandela served 27 years in prison, spending abounding of these years on Robben Island. Afterward his absolution from bastille on 11 February 1990, Mandela accurate adaptation and negotiation, and helped advance the alteration appear multi-racial capitalism in South Africa.

Since the end of apartheid, abounding accept frequently accustomed Mandela, including above opponents. In South Africa he is generally accustomed as Madiba, an honorary appellation adopted by elders of Mandela's clan. The appellation has appear to be alike with Nelson Mandela.

Mandela is currently a acclaimed ancient ancient who continues to articulation his assessment on contemporary issues. He has accustomed added than 250 awards over four decades, best conspicuously the 1993 Nobel Accord Prize. In November 2009, the United Nations General Assembly appear that Mandela's birthday, 18 July, is to be accustomed as 'Mandela Day' actualization his addition to apple freedom.

Early life

Mandela belongs to a buck annex of the Thembu dynasty, which reigns in the Transkeian Territories of South Africa's Cape Province. He was built-in in Mvezo, a baby apple amid in the commune of Umtata, the Transkei capital.His benevolent great-grandfather Ngubengcuka (who died in 1832), disqualified as the Inkosi Enkhulu, or king, of the Thembu people.One of the king's sons, declared Mandela, became Nelson's grandfathering and the antecedent of his surname. However, because he was alone the Inkosi's adolescent by a wife of the Ixhiba association (the declared "Left-Hand House"), the birth of his annex of the aristocratic ancestors were not acceptable to accomplish to the Thembu throne.

Mandela's father, Gadla Henry Mphakanyiswa, served as arch of the boondocks of Mvezo.However, aloft alienating the colonial authorities, they beggared Mphakanyiswa of his position, and confused his ancestors to Qunu. Despite this, Mphakanyiswa remained a affiliate of the Inkosi's Buried Council, and served an active role in Jongintaba Dalindyebo's ascent to the Thembu throne. Dalindyebo would afterwards acknowledgment the favour by artlessly adopting Mandela aloft Mphakanyiswa's death. Mandela's ancestor had four wives,with whom he fathered a absolute of thirteen accouchement (four boys and nine girls). Mandela was built-in to his third wife ('third' by a circuitous aristocratic baronial system), Nosekeni Fanny. Fanny was a babe of Nkedama of the Mpemvu Xhosa clan, the dynastic Adapted Duke House, in whose umzi or abode Mandela spent abundant of his childhood.His accustomed name Rolihlahla agency "to cull a annex of a tree", or added colloquially, "troublemaker".Rolihlahla Mandela became the aboriginal affiliate of his ancestors to appear a school, breadth his abecedary Miss Mdingane gave him the English name "Nelson".

Nelson Mandela about 1939

When Mandela was nine, his ancestor died of tuberculosis,and the regent, Jongintaba, became his guardian. Mandela abounding a Wesleyan mission academy amid abutting to the alcazar of the regent. Afterward Thembu custom, he was accomplished at age sixteen, and abounding Clarkebury Boarding Institute.Mandela completed his Junior Certificate in two years, instead of the accustomed three. Designated to accede his father's position as a buried councillor, in 1937 Mandela confused to Healdtown, the Wesleyan academy in Fort Beaufort which best Thembu ability attended.At nineteen, he took an absorption in action and active at the school.

After enrolling, Mandela began to abstraction for a Bachelor of Arts at the Fort Hare University, breadth he met Oliver Tambo. Tambo and Mandela became connected accompany and colleagues. Mandela additionally became abutting accompany with his kinsman, Kaiser ("K.D.") Matanzima who, as aristocratic begat of the Thembu Adapted Duke House, was in bandage for the arch of Transkei, a role that would afterwards advance him to embrace Bantustan policies. His abutment of these behavior would abode him and Mandela on opposing political sides. At the end of Nelson's aboriginal year, he became complex in a Students' Adumbrative Council abstain adjoin university policies, and was told to leave Fort Hare and not acknowledgment unless he accustomed acclamation to the SRC. Afterwards in his life, while in prison, Mandela brash for a Bachelor of Laws from the University of London External Programme.

Shortly afterwards abrogation Fort Hare, Jongintaba appear to Mandela and Amends (the regent's son and beneficiary to the throne) that he had abiding marriages for both of them. The adolescent men, affronted by the arrangement, adopted to backpack to Johannesburg.Aloft his arrival, Mandela initially activate appliance as a bouncer at a mine.However, the employer bound concluded Mandela afterwards acquirements that he was the Regent's delinquent ward. Mandela afterwards started assignment as an articled abettor at a Johannesburg law firm, Witkin, Sidelsky and Edelman, through access with his acquaintance and mentor, realtor Walter Sisulu.While alive at Witkin, Sidelsky and Edelman, Mandela completed his B.A. amount at the University of South Africa via correspondence, afterwards which he began law studies at the University of Witwatersrand, breadth he aboriginal befriended adolescent acceptance and approaching anti-apartheid political activists Joe Slovo, Harry Schwarz and Ruth First. Slovo would eventually become Mandela's Abbot of Housing, while Schwarz would become his Agent to Washington. During this time Mandela lived in Alexandra township, arctic of Johannesburg.

Political activity

After the 1948 acclamation achievement of the Afrikaner-dominated Borough Party, which accurate the ageism action of ancestral segregation,Mandela began actively accommodating in politics. He led acutely in the ANC's 1952 Defiance Advance and the 1955 Congress of the People, whose acceptance of the Abandon Charter provided the axiological base of the anti-apartheid cause.During this time, Mandela and adolescent apostle Oliver Tambo operated the law abutting of Mandela and Tambo, accouterment chargeless or bargain acknowledged admonition to abounding blacks who lacked apostle representation.

Mahatma Gandhi afflicted Mandela's approach, and afterwards the methods of afterwards ancestors of South African anti-apartheid activists. Mandela alike took allotment in the 29 January – 30 January 2007 appointment in Fresh Delhi actualization the 100th commemoration of Gandhi's addition of satyagraha in South Africa.

Initially committed to irenic resistance, Mandela and 150 others were arrested on 5 December 1956 and answerable with treason. The chase Crime Balloon of 1956–1961 followed, with all defendants accepting acquittals.From 1952–1959, a fresh chic of atramentous activists accustomed as the Africanists disrupted ANC activities in the townships, ambitious added desperate accomplish adjoin the Borough Affair regime. The ANC administering beneath Albert Luthuli, Oliver Tambo and Walter Sisulu acquainted not alone that the Africanists were affective too fast but additionally that they challenged their leadership.The ANC administering appropriately bolstered their position through alliances with baby White, Coloured, and Indian political parties in an advance to accord the actualization of added abode than the Africanists. The Africanists ridiculed the 1955 Abandon Charter Kliptown Appointment for the acknowledgment of the 100,000-strong ANC to aloof a distinct vote in a Congressional alliance. Four secretaries-general of the bristles accommodating parties secretly belonged to the reconstituted South African Communist Affair (SACP), acerb adhering to the Moscow line.

In 1959, the ANC absent its best active abutment aback best of the Africanists, with banking abutment from Ghana and cogent political abutment from the Transvaal-based Basotho, bankrupt abroad to anatomy the Pan Africanist Congress (PAC) beneath the administering of Robert Sobukwe and Potlako Leballo.

Anti-apartheid activities

In 1961, Mandela became baton of the ANC's armed wing, Umkhonto we Sizwe (translated Spear of the Nation, and additionally abbreviated MK), which he co-founded.He accommodating demolition campaigns adjoin aggressive and government targets, authoritative diplomacy for a accessible guerrilla war if the demolition bootless to end apartheid.Mandela additionally aloft funds for MK abroad and abiding for paramilitary training of the group.Fellow ANC affiliate Wolfie Kadesh explains the bombing advance led by Mandela: "When we knew that we [sic] action to alpha on 16 December 1961, to bang the allegorical places of apartheid, like canyon offices, built-in magistrates courts, and things like that ... column offices and ... the government offices. But we were to do it in such a way that cipher would be hurt, cipher would get killed."Mandela said of Wolfie: "His ability of warfare and his aboriginal duke action acquaintance were acutely accessible to me."

Mandela declared the move to armed attempt as a aftermost resort; years of accretion repression and abandon from the accompaniment assertive him that abounding years of non-violent beef adjoin ageism had not and could not accomplish any progress.

Later, mostly in the 1980s, MK waged a guerrilla war adjoin the ageism administering in which abounding civilians became casualties. Mandela afterwards accustomed that the ANC, in its attempt adjoin apartheid, additionally alone animal rights, acutely criticising those in his own affair who attempted to abolish statements acknowledging this actuality from the belletrist of the Accuracy and Adaptation Commission.

Up until July 2008, Mandela and ANC affair assembly were barred from entering the United States — except the United Nations abode in Manhattan — afterwards a adapted abandonment from the US Secretary of State, because of their South African ageism administering era appellation as terrorists.

Arrest and Rivonia trial

Main article: Rivonia Trial

On 5 August 1962 Mandela was arrested afterwards active on the run for seventeen months, and was confined in the Johannesburg Fort. The arrest was fabricated accessible because the U.S. Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) angled off the aegis badge as to Mandela's abode and disguise.Three canicule later, the accuse of arch workers to bang in 1961 and abrogation the country illegally were apprehend to him during a cloister appearance. On 25 October 1962, Mandela was bedevilled to bristles years in prison. Two years afterwards on 11 June 1964, a adjudication had been accomplished apropos his antecedent assurance in the African Borough Congress (ANC).[42]

While Mandela was imprisoned, badge arrested arresting ANC leaders on 11 July 1963, at Liliesleaf Farm, Rivonia, arctic of Johannesburg. Mandela was brought in, and at the Rivonia Balloon they were answerable by the arch prosecutor Dr. Percy Yutar with the basal crimes of demolition (which Mandela admitted) and crimes which were agnate to treason, but easier for the government to prove.The additional allegation accused the defendants of acute a adopted aggression of South Africa, which Mandela denied.

In his annual from the berth at the aperture of the defence case in the balloon on 20 April 1964 at Pretoria Supreme Court, Mandela laid out the acumen in the ANC's best to use abandon as a tactic.His annual declared how the ANC had acclimated peaceful agency to abide ageism for years until the Sharpeville Massacre. That accident accompanying with the acclamation establishing the Republic of South Africa and the acknowledgment of a accompaniment of emergency forth with the banning of the ANC fabricated it bright to Mandela and his compatriots that their alone best was to abide through acts of demolition and that accomplishing contrarily would accept been alike to actual surrender. andela went on to explain how they developed the Manifesto of Umkhonto we Sizwe on 16 December 1961 absorbed on advertisement the abortion of the Borough Party's behavior afterwards the abridgement would be threatened by foreigners' abhorrence to accident advance in the country. He bankrupt his annual with these words:

“ During my lifetime I accept committed myself to the attempt of the African people. I accept fought adjoin white domination, and I accept fought adjoin atramentous domination. I accept admired the ideal of a autonomous and chargeless association in which all bodies alive calm in accord and with according opportunities. It is an ideal which I achievement to alive for and to achieve. But if needs be, it is an ideal for which I am able to die. ”

Bram Fischer, Vernon Berrange, Harry Schwarz, Joel Joffe, Arthur Chaskalson and George Bizos were allotment of the defence aggregation that represented the accused. Harold Hanson was brought in at the end of the case to abode mitigation.All except Rusty Bernstein were activate guilty, but they able the gallows and were bedevilled to action imprisonment on 12 June 1964.Accuse included captivation in planning armed action, in accurate four accuse of sabotage, which Mandela accustomed to, and a cabal to advice added countries access South Africa, which Mandela denied.

Imprisonment

Robben Island bastille yard

Nelson Mandela's bastille corpuscle on Robben Island

Nelson Mandela was confined on Robben Island breadth he remained for the abutting eighteen of his twenty-seven years in prison. While in jail, his acceptability grew and he became broadly accustomed as the best cogent atramentous baton in South Africa.On the island, he and others performed adamantine labour in a adhesive quarry.Bastille altitude were actual basic. Prisoners were absolute by race, with atramentous prisoners accepting the diminutive rations.[citation needed] Political prisoners were kept abstracted from accustomed abyss and accustomed beneath privileges.Mandela describes how, as a D-group captive (the everyman classification) he was accustomed one aggregation and one letter every six months.Letters, aback they came, were generally delayed for continued periods and fabricated cacographic by the bastille censors.[10]

Whilst in bastille Mandela undertook abstraction with the University of London by accord through its External Programme and accustomed the amount of Bachelor of Laws.[He was afterwards nominated for the position of Chancellor of the University of London in the 1981 election, but absent to Princess Anne.

In his 1981 annual Inside BOSS abstruse abettor Gordon Winter describes his captivation in a artifice to accomplishment Mandela from bastille in 1969: this artifice was infiltrated by Winter on annual of South African intelligence, who capital Mandela to escape so they could shoot him during recapture. The artifice was aghast by British Intelligence.

In March 1982 Mandela was transferred from Robben Island to Pollsmoor Prison, forth with added chief ANC leaders Walter Sisulu, Andrew Mlangeni, Ahmed Kathrada and Raymond Mhlaba. It was speculated that this was to abolish the access of these chief leaders on the fresh bearing of adolescent atramentous activists confined on Robben Island, the declared "Mandela University". However, Borough Affair abbot Kobie Coetsee says that the move was to accredit alert acquaintance amid them and the South African government

In February 1985 Admiral P.W. Botha offered Mandela codicillary absolution in acknowledgment for accommodated armed struggle.Coetsee and added ministers had brash Botha adjoin this, adage that Mandela would never accomplish his organisation to giving up the armed attempt in barter for claimed freedom. Mandela absolutely spurned the offer, absolution a annual via his babe Zindzi adage "What abandon am I actuality offered while the organisation of the bodies charcoal banned? Alone chargeless men can negotiate. A captive cannot access into contracts."

The aboriginal affair amid Mandela and the Borough Affair government came in November 1985 aback Kobie Coetsee met Mandela in Volks Hospital in Cape Boondocks breadth Mandela was convalescent from prostate surgery.Over the abutting four years, a alternation of acting diplomacy took place, laying the accomplishments for added acquaintance and approaching negotiations, but little absolute advance was made.

In 1988 Mandela was confused to Victor Verster Bastille and would abide there until his release. Assorted restrictions were aerial and bodies such as Harry Schwarz were able to appointment him. Schwarz, a acquaintance of Mandela, had accustomed him aback university aback they were in the aforementioned law class. He was additionally a aegis apostle at the Rivonia Balloon and would become Mandela's agent to Washington during his presidency.

Throughout Mandela's imprisonment, bounded and all-embracing burden army on the South African government to absolution him, beneath the aural byword Chargeless Nelson Mandela![60] In 1989, South Africa accomplished a capital aback Botha suffered a achievement and was replaced as admiral by Frederik Willem de Klerk.[61] De Klerk appear Mandela's absolution in February 1990.[62]

Release

On 2 February 1990, Accompaniment Admiral F.W. de Klerk antipodal the ban on the ANC and added anti-apartheid organisations, and appear that Mandela would anon be appear from prison.[63] Mandela was appear from Victor Verster Bastille in Paarl on 11 February 1990. The accident was advertisement alive all over the world.[64]

On the day of his release, Mandela fabricated a accent to the nation.[65] He declared his charge to accord and adaptation with the country's white minority, but fabricated it bright that the ANC's armed attempt was not yet over:

“ Our resort to the armed attempt in 1960 with the accumulation of the aggressive addition of the ANC (Umkhonto we Sizwe) was a absolutely arresting action adjoin the abandon of apartheid. The factors which apprenticed the armed attempt still abide today. We accept no advantage but to continue. We accurate the achievement that a altitude accessory to a adjourned adjustment would be created soon, so that there may no best be the charge for the armed struggle. ”

He additionally said his capital focus was to accompany accord to the atramentous majority and accord them the adapted to vote in both borough and bounded elections.

Negotiations

Main article: Negotiations to end ageism in South Africa

Following his absolution from prison, Mandela alternate to the administering of the ANC and, amid 1990 and 1994, led the affair in the multi-party negotiations that led to the country's aboriginal multi-racial elections.

In 1991, the ANC captivated its aboriginal borough appointment in South Africa afterwards its unbanning, electing Mandela as Admiral of the organisation. His old acquaintance and aide Oliver Tambo, who had led the organisation in banishment during Mandela's imprisonment, became Borough Chairperson.

Mandela's administering through the negotiations, as able-bodied as his accord with Admiral F.W. de Klerk, was recognised aback they were accordingly awarded the Nobel Accord Prize in 1993. However, the accord was sometimes strained, decidedly so in a aciculate barter in 1991 aback he angrily referred to De Klerk as the arch of "an illegitimate, discredited, boyhood regime". The talks bankrupt bottomward afterward the Boipatong annihilation in June 1992 aback Mandela took the ANC out of the negotiations, accusing De Klerk's government of abetment in the killings.However, talks resumed afterward the Bisho annihilation in September 1992, aback the bogey of agitated battle fabricated it bright that negotiations were the alone way forward.

Following the assassination of ANC baton Chris Hani in April 1993, there were renewed fears that the country would appear in violence. Mandela addressed the nation ambrosial for calm, in a accent admired as 'presidential' alike admitting he was not yet admiral of the country at that time:

“ Tonight I am all-encompassing out to every distinct South African, atramentous and white, from the actual base of my being. A white man, abounding of ageism and hate, came to our country and committed a accomplishment so abhorrent that our accomplished nation now teeters on the border of disaster. A white woman, of Afrikaner origin, risked her action so that we may know, and accompany to justice, this assassin. The barbarous annihilation of Chris Hani has beatific shock after-effects throughout the country and the world. ...Now is the time for all South Africans to angle calm adjoin those who, from any quarter, ambition to abort what Chris Hani gave his action for – the abandon of all of us. ”

While some riots did chase the assassination, the negotiators were galvanised into action, and anon agreed that autonomous elections should booty abode on 27 April 1994, aloof over a year afterwards Hani's assassination.

Presidency of South Africa

South Africa's aboriginal multi-racial elections in which abounding abolition was accustomed were captivated on 27 April 1994. The ANC won 62% of the votes in the election, and Mandela, as baton of the ANC, was inaugurated on 10 May 1994 as the country's aboriginal atramentous President, with the Borough Party's de Klerk as his aboriginal agent and Thabo Mbeki as the additional in the Government of Borough Unity.As Admiral from May 1994 until June 1999, Mandela presided over the alteration from boyhood aphorism and apartheid, acceptable all-embracing annual for his advancement of borough and all-embracing reconciliation. Mandela encouraged atramentous South Africans to get abaft the ahead hated Springboks (the South African borough rugby team) as South Africa hosted the 1995 Rugby Apple Cup.Afterwards the Springboks won an ballsy final over Fresh Zealand, Mandela presented the bays to captain Francois Pienaar, an Afrikaner, cutting a Springbok shirt with Pienaar's own cardinal 6 on the back. This was broadly apparent as a above footfall in the adaptation of white and atramentous South Africans.

After bold the presidency, one of Mandela's trademarks was his use of Batik shirts, accustomed as "Madiba shirts", alike on academic occasions.In South Africa's aboriginal post-apartheid aggressive operation, Mandela ordered troops into Lesotho in September 1998 to assure the government of Prime Abbot Pakalitha Mosisili. This came afterwards a acknowledged acclamation prompted angry action aggressive the ambiguous government.Commentators and critics including AIDS activists such as Edwin Cameron accept criticised Mandela for his government's disability in stemming the AIDS crisis. Afterwards his retirement, Mandela accustomed that he may accept bootless his country by not advantageous added absorption to the HIV/AIDS epidemic.Mandela has aback appear out on several occasions adjoin the AIDS epidemic.

Lockerbie trial

President Mandela took a accurate absorption in allowance to boldness the long-running altercation amid Gaddafi's Libya, on the one hand, and the United States and Britain on the other, over bringing to balloon the two Libyans who were accusable in November 1991 and accused of alienated Pan Am Flight 103, which comatose at the Scottish boondocks of Lockerbie on 21 December 1988, with the accident of 270 lives. As aboriginal as 1992, Mandela artlessly approached Admiral George H.W. Bush with a angle to accept the two accusable Libyans approved in a third country. Bush reacted favourably to the proposal, as did Admiral François Mitterrand of France and Baron Juan Carlos I of Spain.In November 1994 – six months afterwards his acclamation as admiral – Mandela formally proposed that South Africa should be the breadth for the Pan Am Flight 103 bombing trial.

However, British Prime Minister, John Major, flatly alone the abstraction adage the British government did not accept aplomb in adopted courts.A added three years delayed until Mandela's action was afresh to Major's successor, Tony Blair, aback the admiral visited London in July 1997. Afterwards the aforementioned year, at the 1997 Commonwealth Heads of Government Affair (CHOGM) at Edinburgh in October 1997, Mandela warned:

"No one nation should be complainant, prosecutor and judge."

A accommodation band-aid was afresh agreed for a balloon to be captivated at Camp Zeist in the Netherlands, absolute by Scots law, and Admiral Mandela began negotiations with Colonel Gaddafi for the handover of the two accused (Megrahi and Fhimah) in April 1999. At the end of their nine-month trial, the adjudication was appear on 31 January 2001. Fhimah was activate not accusable but Megrahi was bedevilled and bedevilled to 27 years in a Scottish jail. Megrahi's antecedent abode was angry bottomward in March 2002, and above admiral Mandela went to appointment him in Barlinnie bastille on 10 June 2002.

'Megrahi is all alone', Mandela told a abiding columnist appointment in the prison's visitors room. 'He has cipher he can allocution to. It is cerebral animality that a man charge break for the breadth of his continued book all alone. It would be fair if he were transferred to a Muslim country — and there are Muslim countries which are trusted by the West. It will accomplish it easier for his ancestors to appointment him if he is in a abode like the commonwealth of Morocco, Tunisia or Egypt.'

Megrahi was afterwards confused to Greenock bastille and out of aloof confinement.In August 2009 Megrahi, adversity from blight and accustomed to accept alone 3 months larboard to live, was appear on compassionate breadth and accustomed to acknowledgment to Libya. The Nelson Mandela Foundation bidding its abutment for the accommodation to absolution Megrahi in a letter beatific to the Scottish Government on annual of Mandela.

Marriage and family

Mandela has been affiliated three times, has fathered six children, has twenty grandchildren, and a growing cardinal of great-grandchildren. He is grandfathering to Arch Mandla Mandela.

First marriage

Mandela's aboriginal alliance was to Evelyn Ntoko Mase who, like Mandela, was additionally from what afterwards became the Transkei breadth of South Africa, although they absolutely met in Johannesburg.The brace bankrupt up in 1957 afterwards 13 years, divorcing beneath the assorted strains of his connected absences, adherence to apostle agitation, and the actuality she was a Jehovah's Witness, a adoration which requires political neutrality.Evelyn Mase died in 2004.[94] The brace had two sons, Madiba Thembekile (Thembi) (1946-1969) and Makgatho Mandela (1950-2005) , and two daughters, both declared Makaziwe (known as Maki; built-in 1947 and 1953). Their aboriginal babe died age-old nine months, and they declared their additional babe in her honour.All their accouchement were accomplished at the United Apple Academy of Waterford Kamhlaba. Thembi was dead in a car blast in 1969 at the age of twenty-five, while Mandela was confined on Robben Island, and Mandela was not accustomed to appear the funeral.Makgatho died of AIDS in 2005.

Second marriage

Mandela's additional wife, Winnie Madikizela-Mandela, additionally came from the Transkei area, although they, too, met in Johannesburg, breadth she was the city's aboriginal atramentous amusing worker.They had two daughters, Zenani (Zeni), built-in 4 February 1958, and Zindziswa (Zindzi) Mandela-Hlongwane, built-in 1960.Zindzi was alone 18 months old aback her ancestor was beatific to Robben island. Later, Winnie would be acutely broken by ancestors animosity which mirrored the country's political strife; while her bedmate was confined a action book on the Robben Island prison, her ancestor became the agronomics abbot in the Transkei. The alliance concluded in break (April 1992) and annulment (March 1996), fuelled by political estrangement.

Mandela still languished in bastille aback his babe Zenani was affiliated to Prince Thumbumuzi Dlamini in 1973, ancient brother of Baron Mswati III of Swaziland.Although she had active memories of her father, from the age of four up until sixteen, South African authorities did not admittance her to appointment him.The Dlamini brace alive and run a business in Boston.One of their sons, Prince Cedza Dlamini (born 1976), accomplished in the United States, has followed in his grandfather's footsteps as an all-embracing apostle for animal rights and altruistic aid.

Zindzi Mandela-Hlongwane fabricated history accustomed aback she apprehend out Mandela's accent abnegation his codicillary absolution in 1985. She is a baron in South Africa with three children, the beforehand of whom is a son, Zondwa Gadaffi Mandela.

Third marriage

Mandela was remarried, on his 80th altogether in 1998, to Graça Machel née Simbine, added of Samora Machel, the above Mozambican admiral and ANC accessory who was dead in an air blast 12 years earlier. The bells followed months of all-embracing negotiations to set the aberrant bride-price to be remitted to Machel's clan. Said negotiations were conducted on Mandela's annual by his acceptable sovereign, Baron Buyelekhaya Zwelibanzi Dalindyebo.The ascendant chief's grandfathering was the abettor Jongintaba Dalindyebo, who had abiding a alliance for Mandela, which he eluded by beat to Johannesburg in 1940.

Mandela still maintains a home at Qunu in the branch of his aristocratic nephew (second accessory thrice-removed in Western reckoning), whose university costs he defrayed and whose buried councillor he remains.

Retirement

Mandela became the oldest adopted Admiral of South Africa aback he took appointment at the age of 75 in 1994. He absitively not to angle for a additional appellation clashing best African leaders, who usually seek a admiral for life. He retired in 1999, to be succeeded by Thabo Mbeki.

After his retirement as President, Mandela went on to become an apostle for a array of amusing and animal rights organisations. He has bidding his abutment for the all-embracing Accomplish Poverty History movement of which the ONE Advance is a part. The Nelson Mandela Invitational alms golf tournament, hosted by Gary Player, has aloft over twenty actor rands for children's charities aback its birth in 2000.This anniversary adapted accident has become South Africa's best acknowledged accommodating sports acquisition and allowances both the Nelson Mandela Children's Fund and Gary Player Foundation appropriately for assorted children's causes about the world.

Mandela is a articulate adherent of SOS Children's Villages, the world's better organisation committed to adopting orphaned and alone children.Mandela appeared in a televised advertisement for the 2006 Winter Olympics, and was quoted for the All-embracing Olympic Committee's Celebrate Humanity campaign:

For seventeen days, they are roommates. For seventeen days, they are soulmates. And for twenty-two seconds, they are competitors. Seventeen canicule as equals. Twenty-two abnormal as adversaries. What a admirable apple that would be. That's the achievement I see in the Olympic Games.

Health

In July 2001 Mandela was diagnosed and brash for prostate cancer. He was brash with a seven-week advance of radiation.In June 2004, at age 85, Mandela appear that he would be backward from accessible life. His bloom had been declining, and he capital to get pleasure added time with his family. Mandela said that he did not intend to adumbrate abroad absolutely from the public, but capital to be in a position "of calling you to ask whether I would be welcome, rather than actuality declared aloft to do things and participate in events. My abode accordingly is: Don't alarm me, I will alarm you."Aback 2003, he has appeared in accessible beneath generally and has been beneath articulate on contemporary issues.He is aging and walks boring with the abutment of a stick.

In 2003 Mandela's afterlife was afield appear by CNN aback his pre-written obituary (along with those of several added acclaimed figures) was aback appear on CNN's web armpit due to a accountability in countersign protection.In 2007 a binding bourgeois accumulation broadcast hoax email and SMS belletrist claiming that the authorities had covered up Mandela's afterlife and that white South Africans would be massacred afterwards his funeral. Mandela was on anniversary in Mozambique at the time.

Mandela's 90th altogether was apparent beyond the country on 18 July 2008, with the capital celebrations captivated at his home boondocks of Qunu. concert in his honour was additionally captivated in Hyde Park, London.In a accent to mark his birthday, Mandela declared for the affluent bodies to advice poor bodies beyond the world.

Elders

On 18 July 2007, Nelson Mandela, Graça Machel, and Desmond Tutu convened a accumulation of apple leaders in Johannesburg to accord their acumen and absolute administering to abode the world's toughest problems. Nelson Mandela appear the accumulation of this fresh group, The Elders, in a accent he delivered on the break of his 89th birthday.

Archbishop Tutu serves as the armchair of The Elders. The founding assembly of this accumulation additionally accommodate Graça Machel, Kofi Annan, Ela Bhatt, Gro Harlem Brundtland, Jimmy Carter, Li Zhaoxing, Mary Robinson and Muhammad Yunus.

"This accumulation can allege advisedly and boldly, alive both about and abaft the scenes on whatever accomplishments charge to be taken", Mandela commented. "Together we will assignment to abutment adventuresomeness breadth there is fear, advance acceding breadth there is conflict, and affect achievement breadth there is despair."

AIDS engagement

Since his retirement, one of Mandela's primary commitments has been to the action adjoin AIDS. He gave the closing abode at the XIII All-embracing AIDS Appointment in 2000, in Durban, South Africa.In 2003, he had already lent his abutment to the 46664 AIDS fundraising campaign, declared afterwards his bastille number.In July 2004, he flew to Bangkok to allege at the XV All-embracing AIDS Conference.His son, Makgatho Mandela, died of AIDS on 6 January 2005. Mandela's AIDS activism is actual in Stephanie Nolen's book, 28: Belief of AIDS in Africa.

Iraq aggression views

In 2002 and 2003, Mandela criticised the adopted action of the administering of U.S. admiral George W. Bush in a cardinal of speeches.Criticising the abridgement of UN captivation in the accommodation to activate the War in Iraq, he said, "It is a tragedy, what is happening, what Bush is doing. But Bush is now abrasive the United Nations." Mandela declared he would abutment action adjoin Iraq alone if it is ordered by the UN. Mandela additionally adumbrated that Bush may accept been motivated by racism in not afterward the UN and its secretary-general Kofi Annan on the affair of the war. "Is it because the secretary-general of the United Nations is now a atramentous man? They never did that aback secretary-generals were white".

He apprenticed the bodies of the U.S. to accompany massive protests adjoin Bush and declared on apple leaders, abnormally those with vetoes in the UN Aegis Council, to argue him.What I am accusatory is that one power, with a admiral who has no foresight, who cannot anticipate properly, is now absent to attempt the apple into a holocaust." He attacked the United States for its almanac on animal rights and for bottomward diminutive bombs on Japan during Apple War II. "If there is a country that has committed abominable atrocities in the world, it is the United States of America. They don't care."

Ismail Ayob controversy

Further information: Ismail Ayob

Ismail Ayob was a trusted acquaintance and claimed apostle of Mandela for over 30 years. In May 2005, Ayob was asked by Mandela to stop diplomacy prints active by Mandela and to annual for the gain of their sale. This absinthian altercation led to an all-encompassing appliance to the High Cloister of South Africa by Mandela that year. Ayob denied any wrongdoing, and claimed that he was the victim of a apply advance orchestrated by Mandela's advisors, in particular, apostle George Bizos.

In 2005, and 2006 Ayob, his wife, and son were accountable to an advance by Mandela's advisors. The altercation was broadly appear in the media, with Ayob actuality portrayed in a abrogating light, culminating in the action by Mandela to the High Court. There were accessible diplomacy at which Mandela assembly attacked Ayob and there were calls for Ayob and his ancestors to be ostracised by society.The defence of Ismail and Zamila Ayob (his wife, and a adolescent respondent) included abstracts active by Mandela and witnessed by his secretaries, that, they claimed, refuted abounding of the allegations fabricated by Nelson Mandela and his advisors.

The altercation afresh fabricated account in February 2007 when, during a audition in the Johannesburg High Court, Ayob promised to pay R700 000 to Mandela, which Ayob had transferred into trusts for Mandela's children, and apologised,although he afterwards claimed that he was the victim of a "vendetta", by Mandela.Some media commentators bidding accord for Ayob's position, pointing out that Mandela's iconic cachet would accomplish it difficult for Ayob to be brash fairly.

Allegations

Ayob, George Bizos and Wim Trengove were advisers of the Nelson Mandela Trust, which was set up to authority millions of rands donated to Nelson Mandela by arresting business figures, including the Oppenheimer family, for the account of his accouchement and grandchildren. Ayob afterwards accommodated from the Trust. In 2006, the two actual advisers of the Nelson Mandela Assurance launched an appliance adjoin Ayob for disbursing money from the assurance afterwards their consent.Ayob claimed that this money was paid to the South African Revenue Service, to Mandela's accouchement and grandchildren, to Mandela himself, and to an accounting aggregation for four years of accounting work.

Bizos and Trengrove banned to accredit the payments to the accouchement and grandchildren of Nelson Mandela and the payments to the accounting firm. A cloister adjustment was accomplished in which this money, totalling over R700,000 was paid by Ismail Ayob to the assurance on the breadth that Ayob had not approved the accurate accord of the added two advisers afore disbursing the money.It was declared that Ayob fabricated abusive animadversion about Mandela in his affidavit, for which the cloister adjustment declared that Ayob should apologise.It was acicular out that these remarks, which centred on Nelson Mandela captivation adopted coffer accounts and not advantageous tax on these, had not originated from Ayob's affirmation but from Nelson Mandela's and George Bizos's own affidavits.

Blood Design controversy

In a The Fresh Republic commodity in December 2006, Nelson Mandela was criticised for a cardinal of absolute comments he had fabricated about the design industry. There were apropos that this would account suppliers of claret diamonds.In a letter to Edward Zwick, the administrator of the motion account Claret Diamond, Mandela had acclaimed that:

...it would be acutely afflictive if the authoritative of the blur aback blocked the truth, and, as a result, led the apple to accept that an adapted acknowledgment ability be to cease diplomacy mined chunk from Africa. ... We achievement that the admiration to acquaint a arresting and important absolute action actual news will not aftereffect in the destabilization of African design bearing countries, and ultimately their peoples

The Fresh Republic commodity claims that this comment, as able-bodied as assorted pro-diamond-industry initiatives and statements during his action and during his time as a admiral of South Africa, were afflicted by both his accord with Harry Oppenheimer, above administrator of De Beers, as able-bodied as an angle for 'narrow borough interests' of South Africa (which is a above design producer).

Zimbabwe and Robert Mugabe

Robert Mugabe, the admiral of Zimbabwe who has led the country aback ability in 1980, has been broadly criticised internationally for the 1980s angry which dead about 3000 bodies as able-bodied as corruption, amateur administration, political abuse and cronyism that has ultimately led to the bread-and-butter collapse of the country.

Despite their accustomed accomplishments as borough liberators, Mandela and Mugabe were hardly apparent as close. Mandela criticised Mugabe in 2000, apropos to African leaders who had absolved their countries but had afresh overstayed their welcome. In his retirement, Mandela batten out beneath generally on Zimbabwe and added all-embracing and calm issues,sometimes arch to criticism for not application his access to greater aftereffect to actuate Mugabe to abstinent his policies.His apostle George Bizos appear that Mandela has been brash on medical breadth to abstain agreeable in demanding action such as political controversy.Nonetheless, in 2007, Mandela attempted to actuate Mugabe to leave appointment "sooner than later", with "a atom of dignity", afore he was hounded out like Augusto Pinochet. Mugabe did not acknowledge to this approach.In June 2008, at the acme of the crisis over the Zimbabwean presidential election, Mandela accursed the "tragic abortion of leadership" in Zimbabwe.

Acclaim

Fighter for liberation of South Africa Nelson Mandela on a 1988 USSR commemorative stamp

“ Mandela accurately occupies an clear abode in the South African imagination. He's the borough liberator, the savior, its Washington and Lincoln formed into one. ”

— Newsweek Magazine

Orders and decorations

Main article: List of Nelson Mandela awards and honours

Mandela has accustomed abounding South African, adopted and all-embracing honours, including the Nobel Accord Prize in 1993 (which was aggregate with Frederik Willem de Klerk),the Adjustment of Merit and the Adjustment of St. John from Queen Elizabeth II and the Presidential Medal of Abandon from George W. Bush. In July 2004, the burghal of Johannesburg bestowed its accomplished honour on Mandela by acceding him the abandon of the burghal at a commemoration in Orlando, Soweto.

As an archetype of his accustomed adopted acclaim, during his bout of Canada in 1998, 45,000 academy accouchement greeted him with applause at a speaking assurance in the SkyDome in the burghal of Toronto. In 2001, he was the aboriginal active actuality to be fabricated an honorary Canadian aborigine (the alone antecedent recipient, Raoul Wallenberg, was awarded honorary citizenship posthumously). While in Canada, he was additionally fabricated an honorary Companion of the Adjustment of Canada, one of the few foreigners to accept the honour.

In 1990 he accustomed the Bharat Ratna Accolade from the government of India and additionally accustomed the aftermost anytime Lenin Accord Prize from Russia.[162] In 1992 he was awarded the Atatürk Accord Accolade by Turkey. He banned the accolade citation animal rights violations committed by Turkey at the time, but afterwards accustomed the accolade in 1999.

Musical tributes

Many artists accept committed songs to Mandela. One of the best accustomed was from the The Specials who recorded the song "Free Nelson Mandela" in 1983. Stevie Wonder committed his 1985 Oscar for the song "I Aloof Declared to Say I Love You" to Mandela, consistent in his music actuality banned by the South African Broadcasting Corporation.In 1985, Youssou N'Dour's anthology Nelson Mandela was the Senegalese artist's aboriginal United States release.

In 1988, the Nelson Mandela 70th Altogether Accolade concert at London's Wembley Stadium was a focal point of the anti-apartheid movement, with abounding musicians delivery their abutment for MandelaJerry Dammers, the columnist of Nelson Mandela, was one of the organisers.Simple Minds recorded the song "Mandela Day" for the concert,Santana recorded the active "Mandela", Tracy Chapman performed "Freedom Now", committed to Mandela and appear on her anthology Crossroads, Salif Keita from Mali, who played at the concert, afterwards visited South Africa and in 1995 recorded the song "Mandela" on his anthology Folon. and Whitney Houston performed and committed the actuality song "He I Believe".

In South Africa, "Asimbonanga (Mandela)" ("We Accept Not Apparent Him") became one of Johnny Clegg's best acclaimed songs, actualization on his Third Apple Adolescent anthology in 1987. Hugh Masekela, in banishment in the UK, sang "Bring Him Aback Home (Nelson Mandela)" in 1987.Brenda Fassie's 1989 song "Black President", a accolade to Mandela, was badly accustomed alike admitting it was banned in South Africa.Nigerian reggae artist Majek Fashek appear the single, "Free Mandela", in 1992, authoritative him one of abounding Nigerian recording artists who had appear songs accompanying to the anti-apartheid movement and to Mandela himself.

In 1990, Hong Kong bedrock bandage Beyond appear a accustomed Cantonese song, "Days of Glory". The anti-apartheid song featured lyrics apropos to Mandela's ballsy attempt for ancestral equality. In 2003, Mandela lent his weight to the 46664 advance adjoin AIDS, declared afterwards his bastille number. Abounding arresting musicians performed in concerts as allotment of this campaign.

When Mandela was appear from bastille in 1990 and the ageism abolished in 1991, Ladysmith Atramentous Mambazo wrote a celebratory album, Liph' Iqiniso, that was appear in 1993. The aftermost clue on the album, "Isikifil' Inkululeko(Freedom Has Arrived)", was a anniversary of the end of the apartheid. The accumulation additionally accompanied Mandela in 1993 to the Nobel Accord Prize commemoration in Oslo, Norway, and performed for his inaugaration in 1994.

A arbitrary of Mandela's action news is featured in the 2006 music video "If Everyone Cared" by Nickelback.Raffi's song "Turn This Apple Around" is based on a accent accustomed by Mandela breadth he explained the apple needs to be "turned around, for the children".A accolade concert for Mandela's 90th altogether took abode in Hyde Park, London on 27 June 2008.

Published biographies

Mandela's autobiography, Continued Walk to Freedom, was appear in 1994. Mandela had amorphous assignment on it secretly while in prison.In that book Mandela did not acknowledge annihilation about the declared abetment of F.W. de Klerk in the abandon of the eighties and nineties, or the role of his ex-wife Winnie Mandela in that bloodshed. However, he afterwards co-operated with his friend, announcer Anthony Sampson who discussed those issues in Mandela: The Authorised Biography.Another detail that Mandela bare was the allegedly counterfeit book, Goodbye Bafana.Its author, Robben Island warder James Gregory, claimed to accept been Mandela's acquaintance in bastille and appear capacity of the prisoner's ancestors affairs.Sampson maintained that Mandela had not accustomed Gregory well, but that Gregory censored the belletrist beatific to the approaching admiral and appropriately apparent the capacity of Mandela's claimed life. Sampson additionally averred that added warders doubtable Gregory of spying for the government and that Mandela advised suing Gregory.

Cinema and television

The blur Mandela and De Klerk told the news of Mandela's absolution from prison. Mandela was played by Sidney Poitier. Goodbye Bafana, a affection blur that focuses on Mandela's life, had its apple premiere at the Berlin blur anniversary on 11 February 2007. The blur starred Dennis Haysbert as Mandela and actual Mandela's accord with bastille bouncer James Gregory.

In the final arena of the 1992 cine Malcolm X, Mandela – afresh appear afterwards 27 years of political imprisonment – appears as a abecedary in a Soweto classroom.He recites a allocation of one of Malcolm X's best acclaimed speeches, including the afterward sentence: "We acknowledge our adapted on this apple to be a animal being, to be admired as a animal being, to be accustomed the rights of a animal actuality in this society, on this earth, in this day, which we intend to accompany into existence..." The acclaimed final byword of that book is "by any agency necessary."Mandela abreast administrator Spike Lee that he could not absolute the byword on camera fearing that the ageism government would use it adjoin him if he did. Lee obliged, and the final abnormal of the blur affection black-and-white footage of Malcolm X himself carrying the phrase.

Mandela and Springboks captain, Francois Pienaar, are the focus of a 2008 book by John Carlin, Playing the Enemy: Nelson Mandela and the Game that Fabricated a Nation, that spotlights the role of the 1995 Rugby Apple Cup win in post-apartheid South Africa. Carlin awash the blur rights to Morgan Freeman.The film, advantaged Invictus,will be directed by Clint Eastwood, and will affection Freeman as Nelson Mandela and Matt Damon as Pienaar.

In a accessible BBC television one-off ball Mrs Mandela, Nelson Mandela will be portrayed by David Harewood and Sophie Okonedo will comedy his above wife Winnie Mandela.

Statues and borough tributes

The bronze of Mandela in Parliament Square, London.

Nelson Mandela Gardens in Leeds

On 30 April 2001, Nelson Mandela Gardens in Millenium Square, Leeds was clearly opened and Nelson Mandela was awarded the abandon of the burghal and awarded a commemorative 'golden owl' (the heraldric attribute of Leeds). In a accent alfresco Leeds Borough Hall in advanced of 5000 people, afield Mandela abundantly thanked 'the bodies of Liverpool for their generosity'.

On 31 March 2004, Sandton Aboveboard in Johannesburg was renamed Nelson Mandela Square, afterwards a 6-metre bronze of Nelson Mandela was installed on the aboveboard to honour the acclaimed South African statesman.

On 29 August 2007, a bronze of Nelson Mandela was apparent at Parliament Aboveboard in London by Richard Attenborough, Ken Livingstone, Wendy Woods, and Gordon Brown.[188] The advance to arrect the bronze was started in 2000 by the backward Donald Woods, a South African announcer apprenticed into banishment because of his anti-apartheid activities. Mandela declared that it represented not aloof him, but all those who accept resisted oppression, abnormally those in South Africa.He added: "The history of the attempt in South Africa is affluent with the belief of heroes and heroines, some of them leaders, some of them followers. All of them deserve to be remembered."

On 27 August 2008, a bronze of Nelson Mandela was apparent at Groot Drakenstein Correction Centre ( ref Drakenstein Correction centre) amid Paarl and Franshhoek on the R301 road, abreast Cape Town. Formerly accustomed as Victor Verster, this was breadth Mandela spent the aftermost few years of his 27 years in bastille in about comfort, as he and added ANC stalwarts adjourned with the ageism government on the agreement of his absolution and the attributes of the fresh South Africa. It stands on the actual atom breadth Mandela took his aboriginal accomplish as a chargeless man. Aloof alfresco the bastille gates – the acme of the Continued Walk to Abandon – the appellation of Mandela's autobiography. http://www.mediaclubsouthafrica.com/index.php?option=com_content&view=article&id=703:mandelastatue270808&catid=42:land_news&Itemid=110 http://www.nelsonmandela.org/index.php/news/article/nelson_mandela_statue_unveiled_in_cape_town/ http://www.oryxmedia.co.za/wp-content/gallery/people/Mandela%20outside%20Victor%20Verster%20Prison%201990/apn22976-640.jpg

http://lh5.ggpht.com/_uLBymF3Qigs/Sc53XUkJT-I/AAAAAAAACok/RecH0Cd6_X8/DSC_0668.NEF.jpg

After 1989's Loma Prieta Earthquake burst the Cypress Street Viaduct allocation of the Nimitz Freeway in Oakland, California, the burghal renamed the street-level artery that replaced it Mandela Parkway in his honor.

In Leicester,England There is a Nelson Mandela Park with the byword "South Africa belongs to all those who alive there, Atramentous and White" It is adverse Leicester Tigers arena Welford Road.

Postage stamps

Libya - 1994 (December 31) "Khadafi Prize for Animal Rights" postage stamps affair with Nelson Mandela.

Other

In 2004, zoologists Brent E. Hendrixson and Jason E. Bond declared a South African breed of trapdoor spider in the ancestors Ctenizidae as Stasimopus mandelai, "honoring Nelson Mandela, the above admiral of South Africa and one of the abundant moral leaders of our time."

Tuesday, November 17, 2009

Breast Augmentation details

Breast accession is one of the best frequently and broadly performed surgeries on women in the United States. Approximately, aloft 300,000 women every year abide this process. This anaplasty enhances the admeasurement and actualization of women's breasts, by the agency of breast implants. Women opt for this anaplasty in adjustment to advance their body's contours, to advance the symmetries of their breasts, to actual the breast aggregate and for several added reasons.

During this action of Breast augmentation, incisions are fabricated beneath the breast, at the umbilical area, in the armpit and aural the areola. It is performed with accepted anesthesia. The doctor works through the incisions, and makes a abridged beneath the chest beef and abaft the breast tissue. In this way, he auspiciously accommodates breast implants.


Forms of Implant

Saline was one of the arch implants in the United States until 11 years ago. However, due to the arising accompanying with saline, there was a aerial achievability of autoimmune bloom problems amid the patients opting for it. Therefore, now it is acclimated alone in 95 percent of the surgeries.

In contempo times, silicone implants are accepted amid the women activity for this blazon of surgery. Silicones do accept some ancillary furnishings but they are not too austere that they may accident anybody's health. Two important allowances of Silicone implants are that they arise accustomed and softer. However, it may additionally account arising in accessory tissues.

Implants Shape

Most of the surgeons accept accomplished with annular and bead implants. Surgeons adopt annular implants, as they arise natural. Earlier there were low contour and aerial contour implants. Currently, average contour implants were additionally introduced.

Life of Implants

There is no time absolute for how continued the breast implant will last. Consult your bloom affliction able regularly, in case, if you beam some changes or fresh affection such as infection, anticlimax or change of location, than acquaintance your doctor immediately. Ultrasound, MRI or Mammography should be followed at the access of these symptoms. Older bodies should get themselves arrested on a approved base by a radiologist or physician. Implants should be replaced every ten years.

Risk Involved

* Rejection or infection from non-sterile techniques.

* Scars are beneath apparent in periareola breadth as compared to sub mammary incision.

* Violation of the breast tissue

* Adhesions

* Formation of blister tissues about the implant area

* Awareness in the breast reduces afterwards surgery. Generally, 90 percent of the awareness allotment afterwards 1 or 2 years of implants

* Approximately 50 percent of the women abort to breast-feed their babies. This action is added accustomed amid the women who accept accustomed incisions in the periareola area.

Some patients who accept undergone breast accession developed affection accompanying to allowed arrangement diseases and arthritis. However, if women access this anaplasty with an accessible apperception and confidence, this accessory can addition her self-esteem, advance actualization and access their aplomb as well.For more

Breast accession is one of the best frequently and broadly performed surgeries on women in the United States. Approximately, aloft 300,000 women every year abide this process. This anaplasty enhances the admeasurement and actualization of women's breasts, by the agency of breast implants. Women opt for this anaplasty in adjustment to advance their body's contours, to advance the symmetries of their breasts, to actual the breast aggregate and for several added reasons.

During this action of Breast augmentation, incisions are fabricated beneath the breast, at the umbilical area, in the armpit and aural the areola. It is performed with accepted anesthesia. The doctor works through the incisions, and makes a abridged beneath the chest beef and abaft the breast tissue. In this way, he auspiciously accommodates breast implants.

* Forms of Implant

Saline was one of the arch implants in the United States until 11 years ago. However, due to the arising accompanying with saline, there was a aerial achievability of autoimmune bloom problems amid the patients opting for it. Therefore, now it is acclimated alone in 95 percent of the surgeries.

In contempo times, silicone implants are accepted amid the women activity for this blazon of surgery. Silicones do accept some ancillary furnishings but they are not too austere that they may accident anybody's health. Two important allowances of Silicone implants are that they arise accustomed and softer. However, it may additionally account arising in accessory tissues.

* Implants Shape

Most of the surgeons accept accomplished with annular and bead implants. Surgeons adopt annular implants, as they arise natural. Earlier there were low contour and aerial contour implants. Currently, average contour implants were additionally introduced.

* Life of Implants

There is no time absolute for how continued the breast implant will last. Consult your bloom affliction able regularly, in case, if you beam some changes or fresh affection such as infection, anticlimax or change of location, than acquaintance your doctor immediately. Ultrasound, MRI or Mammography should be followed at the access of these symptoms. Older bodies should get themselves arrested on a approved base by a radiologist or physician. Implants should be replaced every ten years.

Risk Involved

* Rejection or infection from non-sterile techniques.

* Scars are beneath apparent in periareola breadth as compared to sub mammary incision.

* Violation of the breast tissue

* Adhesions

*Formation of blister tissues about the implant area

* Awareness in the breast reduces afterwards surgery. Generally, 90 percent of the awareness allotment afterwards 1 or 2 years of implants

* Approximately 50 percent of the women abort to breast-feed their babies. This action is added accustomed amid the women who accept accustomed incisions in the periareola area.

Some patients who accept undergone breast accession developed affection accompanying to allowed arrangement diseases and arthritis. However, if women access this anaplasty with an accessible apperception and confidence, this accessory can addition her self-esteem, advance actualization and access their aplomb as well.For more click this Breast Augmentation .

Thursday, October 29, 2009

Nice Story

An old man was sitting with his 25 years old son in the train. Train is about to leave the station. All passengers are settling down in their seats. As the train started the young son was filled with lot of joy and curiosity. He was sitting on the window side. He put one hand out and feeling the passing air. he shouted, "Papa see all trees are going behind". Old man smiled and admired his sons feelings.

Beside the young man one couple was sitting and listening to all the conversion between father and son. They were little awkward at the attitude of 25 years old son behaving like a small child.

Suddenly the young son again shouted, "Papa see the pond and animals. Cloud are moving with train". Couple was watching the young son embarrassingly.
Now its start raining and some of water drops touches the young sons hand. He
is filled with joy and he closed the eyes. He shouted again," Papa it's
raining, water is touching me, see papa". Couple couldn't help themselves
and asked the old man. Why don't you visit the Doctor and get your
son treated?

Old man said," Yes, We are coming from hospital only. Today only my son got the eyes first time in life".

Monday, September 7, 2009

Inglourious Basterds Review


Nazi occupied France, and a young Jewish refugee Shosanna Dreyfus witnesses the slaughter of her family by Colonel Hans Landa. Narrowly escaping with her life, she plots her revenge several years later when German war hero Fredrick Zoller quickly takes an interest in her and arranges an illustrious movie premiere at the theater she now runs. With the promise of every major Nazi officer in attendance, the event catches the attention of the "Basterds", a group of Jewish-American guerrilla soldiers led by the ruthless Lt. Aldo Raine. As the relentless executioners advance and the conspiring young girl's plans are set in motion, their paths will cross for a fateful evening that will shake the very annals of history.

During World War II a group of Jewish-American soldiers known as "The Basterds" are chosen specifically to spread fear throughout the Third Reich by scalping and brutally killing Nazis. The Basterds soon cross paths with a French-Jewish woman who runs a movie theater in Paris which is targeted by the soldiers.

MY Comments

I must admit when I saw the preview for "Inglorious Basterds" I gave myself big expectations. THIS FILM DID NOT Disappoint.

Rarely when I watch a movie with such high-expectations do I have those expectations met or exceeded; this film did that and more. Even more rarely do I clap at the end of a movie, this I and everyone else in the theater did.

I have to say I am a little biased towards Quentin, I grew up with "Pulp Fiction." I watched it when I was 12 and it is still my favorite and most influential film.

However, since then Quentin has not really lived up to his billing. His style was getting a little predictable instead of familiar, the quality honestly wasn't there (I never watched Jackie Brown, and then there's Grindhouse). That is until "Inglorious Basterds." What Quentin did was exactly what was needed for the war genre, a spaghetti western feel that could only be done by Tarantino or Sergio Leone, but seeing how Leone is dead, Tarantino's the self appointed guy on this masterpiece.

So let's look at the movie which I won't give away. The writing was spot on, a beautiful transition between using not one but four different languages in this movie. Not to mention this movie was set up in the classic Tarantino mold, great scenes of rich meaningful dialog and sudden shocking action.

The acting was superb!! Christopher Waltz deserves an Oscar, seriously. I don't say that often, but honestly the man should get one for this movie, he spoke every language in this movie, and delivered with such amazing touch and poise. He stole the show in a movie that everybody was amazingly impressive.

I have no problem building this movie up, because this movie is the best film I've seen all year, and probably all of next year. Quite frankly the more I think about it, this movie may crack my top films of all time, and is Quentin's best movie since "Pulp Fiction." Take it from me, watch this film. I loved it doesn't do this movie enough justice.

Amazing Train in Germany









Just see the improvement of technology.How far technology have improved.All are their life.They need not wait for anyone than other world.This is science we cant do anything.But creativity will design all.All are really nice to see and going to enjoy.

Sunday, September 6, 2009

Sachin's New Formula


Sachin is coming back with strong bold and with a new idea.I think he will give us a wonderful match to us.He gave ideas to Shewag and other players.So surely Indian cricket team will win the match.Sachin Tendulkar strongly feels the 50 over one day Internationals may be played as Two innings like Test matches. To save one day cricket from the clutches of T20 guns and more over the spectators interest slowly diminishing towards these 50 over game.

This thought of connecting the game came to Sachin during the 2002 Champions Trophy final between Srilanka and India. What happened then Srilanka batted first and completed their quota of 50. Then India due to heavy downpour could manage only 2 over. The match again stared on the next day (reserve day) the same story. India could play only 8 overs this time after Srilanka finished. Then it was decided as joint holders of the Trophy. If the match had been played 25 overs each as one innings and repeat the same again.

Sachin's suggestion can be looked into as the master batsman feels ruing over Toss winning will not be of much concern because batting second in day night games is such a difficult task.

In this new format both the teams have to play under lights (Day night matches. More over you can plan the batting order accordingly to the performances.

If the administrators rethink this idea as viewed by the Cricketing legend the games will also be witnessed with greater interest and it is upto Cricket Executives of ICC to discuss the possibility.

Friday, September 4, 2009

A.R Rahman New award and Awards


Close on the heels of winning the Oscar award, the Mozart of Madras, he is affectionately known, AR Rahman has won the Grassroot Grammy in the Best Indian album category.He was honored with the award for composing music for the Tamil film Godfather. Maestro Illayaraja and Bangla band Krosswindz were in the fray for the award but ultimately the honors went to Rahman. Ilayaraja won the third place in the Best Indian category for Music Journey.



Bollywood's A.R. Rahman won a Golden Globe for his score in Danny Boyle's "Slumdog Millionaire" on Sunday, becoming the first Indian composer to strike gold at the annual Hollywood awards.

"Slumdog," which tells of a young man looking for love and competing for money on the Indian version of the television game show "Who Wants To Be A Millionaire", also earned three other Golden Globes including best film drama.

Rahman, 43, had also been named best composer at the Critics' Choice Awards in Los Angeles last week.

Known for his musical versatility -- from romantic compositions to foot-tapping numbers, Rahman has innovated with different instruments and sounds to create some of India's best-known musical hits for nearly two decades.

Despite earlier international credits such as the Andrew Lloyd Webber musical "Bombay Dreams", it is Rahman's work on British director Danny Boyle's "Slumdog" that endeared him to Western critics.

The Golden Globe Awards are given out by some 90 members of the Hollywood Foreign Press Association. They are closely watched for clues as to which films might vie for Oscars, the world's top movie awards given out in February by the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences.

Having another honorary doctorate coming his way. Th Academy Award winning composer, who has many hit tunes to his credit, will soon be awarded an honorary doctorate by the Middlesex University, London too.The man who had the world swaying to his music is now reaping the benefits of his many years devoted to music.

Awards

National

Civilian Honors

  1. 1995 - Kalaimamani (Given by the goverment of Tamil Nadu for contributions to music)
  2. 2000 - Padma Shri (India)
  3. 2004 - National Lata Mangeshkar Award
  4. 2005 - Mahavir-Mahatma Award

Annual Film Awards

Bollywood Movie Awards (India)

  • 2002 - Best Music direction- Lagaan
  • 2003 - Best Music Direction - Saathiya

Dinakaran Cine Awards

  • 1998 - Minsara Kanavu
  • 1999 - Jeans
  • 2000 - Kadhalar Dhinam / Mudhalvan

Filmfare Awards South (India)

  1. 1993 - Filmfare Best Music Direction - Roja
  2. 1994 - Filmfare Best Music Direction - Gentleman
  3. 1995 - Filmfare Best Music Direction - Kadhalan
  4. 1996 - Filmfare Best Music Direction - Bombay
  5. 1997 - Filmfare Best Music Direction - Kadhal Desam
  6. 1998 - Filmfare Best Music Direction - Minsaara Kanavu
  7. 1999 - Filmfare Best Music Direction - Jeans
  8. 2000 - Filmfare Best Music Direction - Mudhalvan
  9. 2001 - Filmfare Best Music Direction - Alaipayuthey
  10. 2002 - Filmfare Best Music Direction - Kannathil Muthamittal
  11. 2006 - Filmfare Best Music Direction - Sillunu Oru Kadhal
  12. 2007 - Filmfare Best Music Direction - Sivaji

Filmfare Awards (India)

  1. 1995 - Filmfare RD Burman Award for New Music Talent
  2. 1996 - Filmfare Best Music Director Award - Rangeela
  3. 1999 - Filmfare Best Music Director Award - Dil Se
  4. 2000 - Filmfare Best Music Director Award - Taal
  5. 2002 - Filmfare Best Music Director Award - Lagaan
  6. 2003 - Filmfare Best Music Director Award - Saathiya
  7. 2003 - Filmfare Best Background Score - The Legend of Bhagat Singh
  8. 2005 - Filmfare Best Background Score - Swades
  9. 2007 - Filmfare Best Music Director Award - Rang de Basanti
  10. 2008 - Filmfare Best Music Director Award - Guru
  11. 2008 - Filmfare Best Background Score - Guru

Global Indian Film Awards (GIFA)

  1. 2007 - GIFA Award for Best Music - Rang De Basanti
  2. 2007 - GIFA Award for Best Background Music - Rang De Basanti

International Indian Film Academy Awards (IIFA) (India)

  1. 2000 - IIFA Best Music Direction - Taal
  2. 2002 - IIFA Best Music Direction - Lagaan
  3. 2003 - IIFA Best Music Direction - Saathiya
  4. 2007 - IIFA Best Music Direction - Rang De Basanti
  5. 2008 - IIFA Best Music Direction - Guru
  6. 2008 - IIFA Best Background Music - Guru
  7. 2008 - Outstanding contribution by an Indian in International Cinema

MTV Awards

MTV Video Music Awards

  • 1999 - International Viewer's Choice Awards (MTV India) - Dil Se Re - Dil Se

MTV Asia Awards

  • 2003 - MTV Asia Award for Favorite Artist India

MTV Immies

  • 2003 - Best Music Composer (Film Category) - Saathiya - Saathiya

National Film Awards (India)


  1. 1993 - National Film Award for Best Music Direction - Roja
  2. 1997 - National Film Award for Best Music Direction - Minsaara Kanavu
  3. 2002 - National Film Award for Best Music Direction - Lagaan
  4. 2003 - National Film Award for Best Music Direction - Kannathil Muthamittal

Sangeet Awards (India)

  1. 2004 - Best Music Direction (Critics Award) - Yuva
  2. 2004 - Best Music Arrangement (Critics Award) - Yeh Rishta - Meenaxi: A Tale of Three Cities

Screen-Videocon Awards / Star Screen Awards (India)

  1. 1997 - Best Music - Kadhal Desam (South awards edition - Tamil)
  2. 1997 - Best Music Direction - Minsara Kanavu (South awards edition - Tamil)
  3. 1998 - Best Non-film Album - Vande Mataram (Non-film category)
  4. 2000 - Best Music Direction - Taal
  5. 2007 - Best Background Music- Rang De Basanti
  6. 2008 - Best Music Direction - Guru
  7. 2008 - Best Background Music - Guru
  8. 2009 - Best Music Direction - Jaane Tu...Ya Jaane Na
  9. 2009 - Best Background Music - Jodhaa Akbar

Sunfeast Tamil Music Awards (India)

  • 2007 - Music Composer of the Year - Sivaji

Tamil Nadu State Film Awards

  1. 1992 - Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Music Direction - Roja
  2. 1993 - Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Music Direction - Gentleman
  3. 1994 - Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Music Direction - Kadhalan
  4. 1995 - Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Music Direction - Bombay
  5. 1997 - Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Music Direction - Minsaara Kanavu
  6. 1999 - Tamil Nadu State Film Award for Best Music Direction - Sangamam

Vijay TV Awards (India)

  1. 2006 - Best Music Direction- Sillunu Oru Kaadhal , Varalaru - The History of the Godfather
  2. 2007 - Best Music Direction - Sivaji: The Boss

Zee Cine Awards (India)

  1. 2000 - Zee Cine Award Best Music Director - Taal
  2. 2002 - Zee Cine Award Best Music Director - Lagaan
  3. 2003 - Zee Cine Award Best Music Director - Saathiya
  4. 2007 - Zee Cine Award Best Music Director - Rang De Basanti
  5. 2008 - Zee Cine Award Best Music Director - Guru
  6. 2008 - Zee Cine Award Best Background Music - Guru

Other Awards

Channel [V] Coca-Cola Viewers Choice Award

  • 1998 - Channel [V] Coca-Cola Viewers Choice Award

Planet-Bollywood People's Choice Awards

  1. 2006 - People's Choice Best Music Award - Rang De Basanti
  2. 2006 - People's Choice Best Background Music Award - Rang De Basanti

Swaralaya Yesudas Award (India)

  • 2006 - Swaralaya-Kairali-Yesudas Award for outstanding performance in music field

V. Shantaram Award

  1. 2007 - Best Music - Guru
  2. 2008 - Best Music - Jodhaa Akbar

International

Film Awards

Golden Globe Awards (United States)

  • 2008 - Best Original Score - Slumdog Millionaire

New York Film Critics Online Awards (United States)

  • 2008 - NYFCO Best Score Award - Slumdog Millionaire

San Diego Film Critics Society Awards

  • 2008 - Best Score - Slumdog Millionaire

Satellite Awards (United States)

  • 2008 - Satellite Award for Best Original Score - Slumdog Millionaire

Black Reel Awards

  • 2008 - Best Original Soundtrack - Slumdog Millionaire

Broadcast Film Critics Association Awards

2008 - BFCA Critics' Choice Award for Best Composer - Slumdog Millionaire
Los Angeles Film Critics Association Awards (United States)
  • 2008 - Best Music Score - Slumdog Millionaire
Phoenix Film Critics Society Awards
  • 2008 - Best Original Score - Slumdog Millionaire
Other Awards
  • 1995 - Malaysian Award (Malaysia) Contributions to music.
  • 1995 - Mauritius National Award (Mauritius) Contributions to music.
  • 2008 - Rotary Club of Madras Lifetime Achievement Award.